"Nucleic acid ọgwụ" na-eji "nucleic acid," nke na-ezo aka n'ihe ndị dị ka DNA na RNA na-achịkwa ozi mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa, dị ka ọgwụ.Ndị a na-enye ohere ichebe ụmụ irighiri ihe dị ka mRNA na miRNA nke enweghị ike iji ọgwụ ọdịnala dị ala dị ala na ọgwụ mgbochi mmadụ, yana enwere atụmanya dị ukwuu maka ọgwụ ndị a dị ka ọgwụ ọgbọ na-abịa.A na-eme nyocha nke na-arụsi ọrụ ike n'ụwa niile dịka a na-atụ anya na ọ ga-eduga n'ịmepụta ọgwụ ndị na-adịghị ike na mbụ.
N'aka nke ọzọ, a kọwapụtala na mmepe nke ọgwụ nucleic acid nwere nsogbu ndị a ga-emeri, gụnyere "(i) enweghị ike nke mkpụrụ ndụ nucleic acid n'ime ahụ," "(ii) nchegbu maka mmeghachi omume ọgwụ ọjọọ," na "(iii) ihe isi ike na usoro nnyefe ọgwụ (DDS)."Ọzọkwa, ụlọ ọrụ ndị Japan na-aga n'ihu na mmepe nke ọgwụ nucleic acid n'ihi na ụlọ ọrụ dị na Europe na US na-achịkwa ikike ikike nke nucleic acid, na-ebute nnyonye anya na mmepe Japan.
Njirimara nke ọgwụ nucleic acid
"Ọgwụ Nucleic acid" bụ nkà na ụzụ nchọpụta ọgwụ ọgbọ na-abịa nke nwere usoro omume dị iche iche karịa ngwaahịa ọgwụ ọdịnala.Ọ na-egosipụtakwa ikike imepụta ya ngwa ngwa n'ụdị ụmụ irighiri oke na ikike igosipụta nrụpụta na nchekwa karịa nke ọgwụ mgbochi mmadụ.N'ihi njirimara ndị a, a na-atụ anya ka ọgwụ nucleic acid tinye n'ọrụ na ọrịa cancer na ọrịa ihe nketa bụ nke siri ike ọgwụgwọ na mbụ, yana ọrịa ndị dị ka influenza na nje virus.
Ụdị ọgwụ nucleic acid
Nucleic acid ọgwụ nke na-eji DNA na RNA gụnyere ndị na-elekwasị anya nucleic acid na ogbo ebe protein na-esi na genome DNA (dị ka mRNA na miRNA) na ndị na-elekwasị anya protein.
Ụdị na njirimara nke ọgwụ nucleic acid (ọgwụ maka prophylaxis na ọgwụgwọ)
Enwere ọgwụ nucleic acid nwere ụdị na njirimara dị iche iche dabere na ebumnuche na usoro nke ime ihe.
| Ụdị | Ebumnuche | Ebe a na-eme ihe | Usoro nke ime ihe | Nchịkọta |
| siRNA | mRNA | N'ime cell (cytoplasm) | mRNA mkpochapụ | RNA nwere eriri okpukpu abụọ nwere nbipu nke mRNA yiri nke ahụusoro (siRNA), ntutu isi nwere otu eriri RNA (shRNA), wdg.na-arụ ọrụ dịka ụkpụrụ nke RNAi siri dị |
| miRNA | microRNA | N'ime cell (cytoplasm) | nnọchi microRNA | RNA nwere eriri okpukpu abụọ, miRNA nke RNA ntutu nwere otu eririma ọ bụ a na-eji mimic ya mee ka ọrụ nke miRNA mebiri emebi sie ikesite na nsogbu |
| Antisense | mRNA miRNA | N'ime cell (na nucleus, cytoplasm) | mRNA na miRNA mmebi, mgbochi mgbochi | RNA/DNA nwere otu eriri nke jikọtara na mRNA ebumnuchena miRNA na-ebute mmebi ma ọ bụ mgbochi,ma ọ bụ na-eme ihe ịgafe exon mgbe splicing |
| Aptamer | Protein (protein sel ọzọ) | N'èzí cell | Mgbochi arụ ọrụ | RNA/DNA nwere otu eriri nke jikọtara ya na protein ebumnuchen'otu aka ahụ na ọgwụ nje / DNA |
| Ihe ịchọ mma | Protein (ihe odide ederede) | N'ime cell (na nucleus) | Mgbochi ederede | DNA nwere eriri okpukpu abụọ nwere usoro yiri ya na saịtị njikọmaka ihe odide ederede, nke na-ejikọta na ihe odide ederedenke mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa emetụtara iji gbochie mkpụrụ ndụ ihe ezubere iche |
| Ribozyme | RNA | N'ime cell (cytoplasm) | RNA mkpochapụ | RNA nwere otu eriri nwere ọrụ enzyme maka ijikọ na ikpochapụnke RNA lekwasịrị anya |
| CpG ala | Protein (nnabata) | Cell elu | Immunopotentiation | Oligodeoxynucleotide nwere CpG motif (DNA nwere otu eriri) |
| Ndị ọzọ | - | - | - | Nucleic acid ọgwụs ndị ọzọ karịa ndị e depụtara n'elu nke na-emerụọ ọrụ mgbochi ebumpụta ụwa, dị ka PolyI: PolyC (RNA nwere eriri okpukpu abụọ)na antigen |
Oge nzipu: Jul-25-2023
